Sunday, December 13, 2009

Air France jet hit trouble near AF447 crash site

December 11, 2009 8:42 a.m. EST
A Brazilian navy frigate crew recover wreckage from the Air France crash in June 2009.
A Brazilian navy frigate crew recover wreckage from the Air France crash in June 2009.
STORY HIGHLIGHTS
  • Air France jet encountered problems near where Airbus jet crashed earlier this year
  • Flight 445 encountered "severe turbulence" about 4 hours after takeoff on Nov. 29
  • Flight 447 went down in the Atlantic Ocean on June 1, killing 228 people

Paris, France (CNN) -- French investigators said they are looking into problems encountered by an Air France jet last month in nearly the same spot over the Atlantic where another Air France jet mysteriously crashed in June.

Air France flight 445 was flying from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, to Paris, France, the night of Nov. 29 when it encountered the problems, the French accident investigation agency, BEA, said in a news release this week.

It is the same route taken by Air France flight 447 when it went down in the Atlantic Ocean in stormy weather June 1, killing all 228 people aboard. The investigation agency has not established the cause of the crash, and large parts of the plane -- including both flight recorders -- have never been found.

"The analysis of what happened could lead to complementary explanations about the accident of flight AF 447," the investigation agency said.

Flight 445 encountered "severe turbulence" about four hours after takeoff on Nov. 29, forcing the pilots to descend, Air France said in a statement after the flight.

The crew sent out an emergency radio message to indicate it had left its flight level, Air France said.

The flight, with 215 people aboard, "continued normally" after half an hour of moderate to severe turbulence, the airline said.

Air France declined to comment on the investigation agency's statement this week.

The BEA said the November flight was an Airbus A330-203, the same model involved in the June crash, but Air France said the November incident involved an Airbus A330-200.

While French authorities have not yet determined what caused the June crash, tests have brought into question the performance of pitot tubes, which are used to measure the pressure exerted on the plane as it flies through the air, and are part of a system used to determine air speed.

Flight 447 sent out 24 automated error messages before it crashed that suggested the plane may have been flying too fast or too slow through the thunderstorms, officials have said.

The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) issued a directive in late August requiring airlines to replace pitot tubes manufactured by Thales Avionics on Airbus A330s and A340s. It said airlines should replace them with other Thales tubes and those manufactured by Goodrich.

-- CNN's Luc Lacroix contributed to this report

Honduras' Zelaya offered meeting with elected successor

December 12, 2009 1:07 a.m. EST
Manuel Zelaya has remained in the Brazilian embassy in Honduras since he returned from his ouster.
Manuel Zelaya has remained in the Brazilian embassy in Honduras since he returned from his ouster.
STORY HIGHLIGHTS
  • Former Honduran leader Manuel Zelaya offered chance to meet elected president Porfirio Lobo
  • Source says Zelaya not likely to make meeting
  • Zelaya, who was ousted in coup, has remained in Brazilian embassy in Honduras

(CNN) -- Ousted Honduran President Manuel Zelaya has received an offer from the Dominican Republic to engage in reconciliatory talks next week with his elected successor.

However, officials within the de facto Honduran government say it's unlikely that Zelaya, who has been holed up in the Brazilian embassy in Tegucigalpa since September, will be able to make the trip to meet elected President Porfirio "Pepe" Lobo.

"Unless he leaves on a flying saucer, Zelaya is not going anywhere," a source from within Honduras' interim government -- who asked not to be identified because of the sensitivity of the situation -- told CNN. "The only legal way for him to leave the country is under the condition of political asylum."

Zelaya has said he is still the legitimate president of Honduras, and as such, would not ask for, or accept political asylum.

He has said that if he leaves Honduras for another country, it would have to be as a "guest."

Zelaya's assistant said Friday that Zelaya is thankful for Dominican President Leonel Fernandez's meeting offer, but declined to comment further.

Zelaya was ousted in a June 28 coup. After spending months in exile, Zelaya snuck back into Honduras in September and has not left the Brazilian embassy.

His return was an effort to restart talks to negotiate his return as president, but that never happened.

CNN's Maria Elisa Callejas and Willie Lora contributed to this report.

Uganda bans female circumcision

By Faith Karimi, CNN
December 12, 2009 8:35 a.m. EST
STORY HIGHLIGHTS
  • The practice, which involves cutting off a girl's clitoris, is also called female circumcision
  • Human rights activists have decried the practice, saying it poses major health risks for girls
  • Convicted offenders face 10 years in prison, with life imprisonment if the victim dies
  • Most victims live in Africa and Asia, including among some populations in India, Indonesia and Malaysia

(CNN) -- The Ugandan parliament unanimously passed a bill banning female genital mutilation, a traditional rite that has sparked an international outcry and is practiced in some African and Asian communities.

The practice, which involves cutting off a girl's clitoris, is also called female circumcision. In some communities in eastern Uganda, it is practiced in girls up to age 15.

Convicted offenders face 10 years in prison, but if the girl dies during the act, those involved will get a life sentence, according to officials in the east African country.

"A majority of Ugandans felt it is a disgusting act, but you have to remember that this is a cultural belief that has been practiced for generations," said Fred Opolot, the government spokesman. "That's what took the bill so long to pass."

Human rights activists have decried the practice, which they say poses major health risks for girls and may lead to death. It also causes complications during sex and child birth, activists say.

"The experience has also been related to a range of psychological and psychosomatic disorders," the United Nations Population Fund says.

About three million women and girls face female genital mutilation globally every year, and nearly 140 million have already undergone the practice, according to the United Nations.

Most of the victims live in Africa and Asia, including among some populations in India, Indonesia and Malaysia.

Alice Alaso, a member of parliament in Uganda, said the bill was only a first step.

"We might later amend it to include compensations for women subjected to the practice," Alaso said. "Our goal is to protect these girls, and we will continue to do so."

Female genital mutilation has been banned in some African countries, but it is still practiced in some remote, close-knit communities.

Some communities are also shifting toward a less invasive procedure called the 'lesser cut," according to the United Nations.

"This may be indicative of shifts in awareness .... however, it is still an unacceptable practice," it added.

Journalist Samson Ntale contributed to this report.

Banned Kurdish party may boycott Turkish parliament

December 12, 2009 11:53 a.m. EST
Ahmet Turk, leader of the Democratic Society Party, said his group will withdraw from Turkey's parliament Saturday.
Ahmet Turk, leader of the Democratic Society Party, said his group will withdraw from Turkey's parliament Saturday.
STORY HIGHLIGHTS
  • Constitutional Court shuts down Democratic Society Party for being a "focal point for terrorism"
  • Party stripped of parliamentary seats, banned from political activity for five years
  • Party leader Ahmet Turk says decision was political, not lawful
  • Kurds are Turkey's largest ethnic minority, numbering more then 12 million people

Istanbul, Turkey (CNN) -- Tensions between Turkey and the country's main Kurdish political party crackled further Saturday, with the group promising a boycott of parliament sessions a day after a court ruled to ban the movement.

A Democratic Society Party leader, Ahmet Turk, said the 19 remaining lawmakers from the party, known as the DTP, would be "practically withdrawing from the parliament," even though he stopped short of saying the parliamentarians will resign.

"We will not be attending the parliament sessions," he said.

If they don't resign, the remaining DTP parliamentarians could remain as lawmakers under another affiliation.

Constitutional Court judges ruled unanimously Friday to shut down the Democratic Society Party for being a "focal point for terrorism against the indivisible integrity of the state."

The move raised questions about the future of the so-called "democratic opening" to the Kurds -- the package of reforms proposed by the ruling Justice and Development Party, or AKP, aimed at reconciliation with the Kurdish population.

The court's ruling stripped the party's co-chairs, Turk and Aysel Tugluk, of their parliamentary seats and banned them from political activity for the next five years. Nearly three dozen founders and members of the party also were banned from participating in politics for five years.

Calling the court's decision strictly political, Turk blamed the AKP for staying silent as his party was being stripped of power, saying the ruling party "is a democratic party only for themselves."

"The decision by the Constitutional Court that aims to protect the status quo and the official ideology has been a blow to our belief in peace," Turk said. "This is not a legal decision, but it is a political one."

The Kurds are Turkey's largest ethnic minority, numbering more then 12 million people. For many years, the Turkish state denied their existence, calling them "mountain Turks."

Turkey has been locked in a bloody conflict with separatists from the Kurdistan Workers' Party, or PKK, since the early 1980s. More then 30,000 people, mostly ethnic Kurds, have been killed in the conflict.

In recent years, the Turkish government has made moves to relax tight restrictions on the use of Kurdish language in schools and media, part of what is called the "democratic opening." This year, Ankara, Turkey, for the first time launched a state Kurdish-language TV channel, TRT 6.

But despite government plans to unveil a new set of of democratic reforms, tensions have mounted between Kurdish and Turkish nationalists.

Turkish nationalists have long accused the Democratic Society Party of working with the Kurdistan Workers' Party, which has been labeled a terror organization by the United States and the European Union. While the DTP does not denounce the actions of the PKK, it insists it is a separate party.

For more then a week, Kurdish youths have clashed with Turkish police across the country, throwing stones and Molotov cocktails. Turkish security forces have used tear gas and made scores of arrests.

Many rioters have been upset over reports about the treatment in prison of Abdullah Ocalan, the now-jailed founder of the PKK.

And in what marked a serious escalation of violence, rebels on Monday ambushed a Turkish gendarme vehicle in central Turkey, killing seven paramilitary troops. The PKK has since claimed responsibility for the attack.

After the court ruling, small groups of protesters took to the streets of Diyarbakir on Friday night, smashing windows in the predominantly Kurdish city. Police were out in force there and halted protesters from approaching the AKP headquarters in the city, a witness told CNN.

There were also reports of disturbances in Kurdish towns of Hakkari and Van provinces on Saturday.

Since the ruling, voices in Turkey and abroad have weighed in on the ban.

The presidency of the European Union, which Turkey has long been seeking to join, expressed its "concern" over the court moves.

"While strongly denouncing violence and terrorism, the Presidency recalls that the dissolution of political parties is an exceptional measure that should be used with utmost restraint," the EU said in a statement on Friday.

Suat Kiniklioglu, an AKP parliament member and spokesman of the parliamentary foreign affairs commission, said the "Constitutional Court has been very thorough and has found an organic link between DTP and the PKK."

"We have to respect the court's decision," Kiniklioglu said.

Kiniklioglu said the DTP's lack of political independence has impeded progress in achieving democratic reforms, but he believes the "democratic opening" process will continue, despite the persistent street violence.

"Closing down the DTP will not have a direct effect on the process. The determination of the party and the prime minister will continue," he said, referring to Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan.

Analysts have questioned the government's will to pursue the democratic reforms.

Volkan Aytar, an academic from Amsterdam University's Immigration and Ethnic Sciences Institute, is studying democratization issues in Turkey.

He believes the AKP has been slow in initiating reforms and the DTP was not able to present itself as a civilian alternative to the PKK.

"I don't think the process will end completely. Even if it is not directly related with the government, the EU will see the closure of DTP as a bad point in terms of democracy. The AKP has to take certain steps within its course with the EU. These will be steps related with cultural rights, however they will be minimal," he said.

"Unfortunately, clashes may increase, although I don't think it will be a return to the '90s. The rallies may continue in the southeast," he said, referring to the predominantly Kurdish area of Turkey.

Dogu Ergil, a professor of political science at Ankara University, said the closing of the DTP won't have a major political impact because the movement doesn't have the influence militants do. But the banning will have "a major psychological effect."

"It will be an excuse for those who support and manipulate the idea that Kurds cannot be involved in politics in regular ways," he said.

He said the PKK is trying to sabotage democratic reforms with its violent resistance, a reflection of its opposition to democracy and politics. That makes it crucial for the ruling party to respond with true reforms, he said.

"There is only one way for AKP to go now. They cannot go back and they cannot just stay where they are. The only way is to move forward. They have to come up and execute a real democratic opening package now," Ergil said.

CNN's Yesim Comert, Talia Kayali and Ivan Watson contributed to this report

Blair: I would have removed Saddam Hussein anyway

December 12, 2009 10:12 a.m. EST
Click to play
Blair defends Iraq invasion
STORY HIGHLIGHTS
  • British PM Tony Blair tells BBC it was right to remove Saddam Hussein and his sons from Iraq
  • Blair, who left office in 2007, faces a British inquiry into the country's role in the 2003 conflict
  • Britain based its decision to go to war on evidence Saddam had weapons of mass destruction
  • Critics argue Blair government had exaggerated evidence to justify war on Iraq

London, England (CNN) -- Former British Prime Minister Tony Blair says he would have taken the decision to remove Saddam Hussein even without evidence of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq.

In an excerpt from a BBC interview to be aired Sunday, Blair said: "I would still have thought it right to remove him. I mean obviously you would have had to use and deploy different arguments, about the nature of the threat."

Blair, who left office in 2007 and now serves as a special envoy to the Middle East, will be questioned next year at an inquiry into Britain's role in the 2003 conflict.

At the time of the conflict the British government based its decision to go to war on evidence, contained within a dossier it published in September 2002, that Saddam had weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) ready to deploy within 45 minutes.

But critics of the war claim the Bush administration had decided to remove the Iraqi dictator by force by the end of 2002 and that Blair was aware of this and had offered his support.

The current inquiry is not a court of law, so it cannot find anyone criminally responsible or even apportion blame. But inquiry members will be able to judge the legality of the conflict.

Despite doubts about Iraq's WMDs, Blair was defiant about the need for regime change in Baghdad for the sake of peace in the region. He told the BBC: "I can't really think we'd be better with him and his two sons still in charge, but it's incredibly difficult and I totally understand.

"That's why I sympathize with the people who were against [the war] for perfectly good reasons and are against it now, but for me, you know, in the end I had to take the decision.

"It was the notion of him as a threat to the region, of which the development of WMD was obviously one. He used chemical weapons on his own people, so this was obviously the thing that was uppermost in my mind."

I can't really think we'd be better with him and his two sons still in charge
--Tony Blair
RELATED TOPICS

Last month, Blair denied a claims that Peter Goldsmith, Britain's Attorney General at the time of the Iraq war, was "bullied" into declaring that the invasion was legal.

According to reports in the British media, Goldsmith warned Blair the invasion was a serious breach of international law in an "uncompromising letter" in July 2002, eight months before the campaign.

In an interview with CNN, the former premier refuted the claim but accepted his reputation had been called into question many times over Iraq. "Over the years I've answered questions time and time again about it [the invasion] and am happy to do so again," he said.

"It was an important decision and it was a momentous decision, in terms of your country and in terms of mine.

"But one of the things you learn as leader of a country is that you have the responsibility to take decisions. Some of those decisions are difficult decisions and some are very controversial... sometimes they can be very bitter, very difficult. That's part of being a leader."

Britain has already held four hearings about the Iraq war. But because all were held before the end of 2004 -- so close to the start of the war -- they were hampered by limited information, political analyst Glen Rangwala of Cambridge University told CNN.

"They didn't manage to achieve anything like a comprehensive understanding of the paths that led the UK to support the United States in the invasion," he said. "This will be the first to look at political decision-making that led to the British invasion of 2003, with the potential to tell a full story."

Britain's first two inquiries were held by government committees in 2003.

The House of Commons Select Committee on Foreign Affairs examined whether Britain's Foreign Office gave accurate and complete information to Parliament in the run-up to the war. It found the government exerted no improper influence on the drafting of the dossier given to Parliament on Iraq's alleged weapons of mass destruction.

The Intelligence and Security Committee then examined whether intelligence about Iraq and its weapons was properly assessed and accurately reflected in government publications. Its findings were mixed.

The next two inquiries had narrow mandates, looking at specific aspects of the war. The Hutton report from January 2004 investigated the death of David Kelly, a leading microbiologist and former U.N. weapons inspector who committed suicide months earlier. Kelly had worked for the British Ministry of Defence, advising it on Iraq's weapons of mass destruction, but was later found to be the source of a BBC report that said the government had exaggerated evidence to justify war on Iraq.

Following that came the Butler inquiry, which looked at the accuracy of intelligence on weapons of mass destruction in Iraq and elsewhere. It found some of the intelligence sources were "seriously flawed," but that there was no evidence of deliberate distortion or culpable negligence by spy agencies.

Al Qaeda offers 'condolences' for innocent victims

December 12, 2009 11:33 a.m. EST
Image released by al Qaeda-linked group on January 6, 2008 purportedly shows Adam Gadahn.
Image released by al Qaeda-linked group on January 6, 2008 purportedly shows Adam Gadahn.
STORY HIGHLIGHTS
  • Adam Gadahn, also known as Azzam the American, appeared in video released on Internet
  • Appeared to offer condolences to families of innocent people killed in al Qaeda attacks
  • But said al Qaeda "have condemned and continue to condemn" all attacks by Western powers
  • He is an American-born Muslim convert who has released video and audio statements in past
RELATED TOPICS

(CNN) -- On the heels of a U.S. announcement of a massive troop surge for Afghanistan, an al Qaeda spokesman Saturday appeared to be trying to improve the group's image in the region with a new audio message in English.

Adam Gadahn, also known as Azzam the American, appeared in a 17-minute video released on Islamist online forums late Friday, offering condolences to the families of innocent people killed in al Qaeda attacks.

Gadahn said al Qaeda "have condemned and continue to condemn" all attacks by Western powers or "secular political forces."

"We express our condolences to the families of the Muslim men, women and children killed in these criminal acts and we ask Allah to have mercy on those killed and accept them as shohadaa (martyrs)," he says in the video.

"We also express the same in regard to the unintended Muslim victims of the mujahedeen's operations against the crusaders and their allies and puppets, and to the countless faceless and nameless Muslim victims of the murderous crusades" in Afghanistan, Pakistan's Waziristan regions and Swat Valley, and elsewhere, he said.

It is a rare example of al Qaeda offering condolences to the families of those killed in the group's own attacks.

The video comes nearly two weeks after U.S. President Barack Obama announced the deployment of 30,000 additional U.S. troops to Afghanistan, as part of a strategy to reverse the Taliban's momentum and stabilize the country's government.

Obama said he would begin sending the additional troops in early 2010, with the goal of starting to withdraw all forces from Afghanistan by July 2011. The additional forces, Obama said, will help accelerate the handing over of responsibility to Afghan forces.

U.S. commander: We cannot have endless surge

The video did not address the troop surge, but Gadahn had a general warning to any countries partnering with the United States in the region.

"Those who have made the foolish decision to stand with America and its allies in their losing war against Islam ... you have not only betrayed Islam and Muslims and left the fold of faith, but you have also caused the destabilization of nations and the displacement ... of thousands of weak and oppressed people," Gadahn said.

"The blood of countless Muslims is on your hands, and the security and very future of the countries you claim to defend and serve has been placed in jeopardy because your external enemies are taking advantage of your heedlessness as you fight and kill your fellow countrymen for American dollars."

The al Qaeda member is an American-born Muslim convert who has released video and audio statements in the past.

Gadahn is on the FBI's list of most-wanted terrorists. The FBI says Gadahn was indicted in the Central District of California for treason and material support to al Qaeda, charges related to Gadahn's alleged involvement in a number of terrorist activities, including providing "aid and comfort" to al Qaeda and services for al Qaeda.

Pakistani news outlets reported twice in 2008 that Gadahn had been killed by a predator drone strike, but al Qaeda then released a video message by Gadahn to prove he was still alive.

Al Qaeda uses Gadahn to issue messages to a wider and English-speaking audience. His whereabouts are unknown. Many analysts believe Gadahn remains in touch with al Qaeda's second-in-command, Ayman al-Zawahiri.

U.S. military chief: 'We cannot have an endless surge' in Afghanistan

By Tom Evans, CNN

December 11, 2009 9:41 p.m. EST
Gen. Stanley McChrystal, shown at a Capitol Hill hearing Thursday, says Afghanistan forces still need U.S. help.
Gen. Stanley McChrystal, shown at a Capitol Hill hearing Thursday, says Afghanistan forces still need U.S. help.
STORY HIGHLIGHTS
  • Gen. Stanley McChrystal, the U.S. commander in Afghanistan, says 2011 withdrawal crucial
  • McChrystal: "It won't take longer to get this moving" so that Afghans have confidence
  • President Obama announced deployment of 30,000 more U.S. forces to Afghanistan
(CNN) -- Gen. Stanley McChrystal, the U.S. commander in Afghanistan, says the United States cannot provide the war-torn nation with an "endless surge" of combat forces.
In an extended interview with CNN's Christiane Amanpour to be aired this weekend, McChrystal said the United States and its allies are sending thousands of troops to help secure Afghanistan's future by reversing the Taliban's momentum and providing assistance to increase the Afghan national security force.
President Obama announced last week the deployment of another 30,000 U.S. forces to Afghanistan, increasing the total U.S. troop commitment to almost 100,000, while at least 25 other countries have pledged another 7,000 troops.
But McChrystal said Obama's additional goal to begin withdrawing U.S. troops in July 2011 will force Afghan officials to take the lead on ensuring their country's security.
"[The withdrawal date] tells people that we cannot have an endless surge of a significant number of combat forces," he said. "It's a forcing function to make people step up."
Afghan President Hamid Karzai has said his forces will take the security lead in five years, despite doubts among military analysts that the Afghan army and police will be able to provide a sufficient number of trained forces in that period.
McChrystal rejected concerns that the July 2011 withdrawal is too early.
"It will take longer, but it won't take longer to turn the momentum," he said. "It won't take longer to get this moving in the direction where Afghans have confidence."
McChrystal said he has already seen counterinsurgency efforts reverse the momentum of the Taliban in such areas as central Helmand and parts of Kunar and Khost provinces.
With the troop surge starting early next year, McChrystal said the strategy will be "to take away from [insurgents] that which they need -- access to the population. It's to go to key areas, expand security in those areas, and prevent the insurgents from having access."
McChrystal said the goal is to protect population centers to enable the government to improve security and governance. He also stressed the importance of avoiding civilian casualties, which have drawn criticism from Afghans, because they make it less likely the Afghan people will support the coalition.
"It is better to miss a target than to cause civilian casualties," he said. "We can always target enemy leaders later. We can't make up for the fact that we killed civilians."
Amanpour concluded her interview by asking McChrystal about the rare off-duty moments he enjoys in Afghanistan, times when reporters have seen him jogging around his headquarters in Kabul listening to his iPod.
He said his play list usually includes books: "I'm listening to one right now about George Washington and the Marquis de Lafayette and their relationship during the Revolution."
Asked whether he has drawn any lessons from the book, McChrystal said, "I think what you take away from George Washington is that it's always tough to include the ability to work with all the different players. ... So what I'll try to do is be a good team member as we focus our way forward."

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Tuesday, December 8, 2009

Karzai appeals for forces funding

Afghanistan's President Hamid Karzai has warned that it will take 15 years before the country is able to pay for the cost of its own security forces.
After talks with visiting US Defence Secretary Robert Gates, Mr Karzai said he hoped the US and the international community would continue funding them.
Mr Gates said the US would not turn away from Afghanistan and abandon it.
His unannounced arrival in Kabul came a week after US President Barack Obama said he was sending 30,000 more troops.
Nato member states have agreed to deploy another 7,000 soldiers between them.
On Sunday, the chairman of the US Joint Chiefs of Staff, Adm Mike Mullen, bluntly told troops in Kentucky: "We are not winning, which means we are losing.
"As we are losing, the message traffic out there to [militant] recruits keeps getting better and better and more keep coming," he said.
Meanwhile, in a sign of the country's security difficulties, there were reports on Tuesday that Afghan officers had opened fire during a protest by villagers over the deaths of civilians, which they say occurred during a Nato operation.
According to one report, the Afghan soldiers fired into the air, but at least one person was killed.
'Long-term partners'
At a joint news conference at the presidential palace in Kabul on Monday, Mr Gates was keen to stress that the US would not desert Afghanistan, despite Mr Obama's announcement that a gradual military withdrawal could begin in 18 months.
The two countries would need to be long-term partners, he said.
The defence secretary said Mr Karzai needed to take a tougher line on corruption, but added that many ministers were competent and did not need to be replaced when a new cabinet is announced in the coming days.
Mr Karzai said he was committed to doing so and that he would inform parliament of the names of a number of proposed ministers.
Both men then agreed that it was a priority to strengthen the Afghan security forces in order to help international troops tackle insurgents.
But Mr Karzai warned that it would be a long time before Afghanistan would be able to pay the cost of maintaining its own army and police force, which the US wants to quadruple in size to 400,000 troops by 2013.
"We hope that the international community and the United States, as our first ally, will help Afghanistan reach the ability to sustain a force," he said.
"Afghanistan is looking forward to taking over responsibility in terms of paying for its forces and delivering to its forces with its own resources, but that will not be for another 15 years."
But Mr Karzai was also cautiously optimistic that his country would be able to begin taking over responsibility for security in some "critical" parts of the country within two years, before taking charge nationwide in five years' time.
The president later condemned what his office said was the killing of six civilians in an overnight operation by Nato-led forces in the eastern province of Laghman.
"Coalition forces in Afghanistan carried out an operation near the capital of Laghman in Armul village," a statement said. "As a result of which, six innocent civilians, including one woman, were martyred."
Local residents have protested against the civilian deaths, which they and provincial officials say number 12. One report suggests that at least one person was killed during a protest about the deaths, when Afghan soldiers fired into the air.
The Nato-led International Security Assistance Force (Isaf) said its troops killed seven militants and detained another four after coming under hostile fire while pursuing a member of the Taliban responsible for suicide bombings in the area.
"We are aware of civilian casualty allegations, however there are no operational reports to substantiate those claims of harming civilians, including women and children, during this operation," said a spokeswoman, Capt Jane Campbell.
Tackling corruption
On his way to Kabul, Mr Gates told reporters he believed the US had mistakenly abandoned Afghanistan after Soviet troops withdrew and understood that Afghans feared they would be left to fight the Taliban alone.
He said he would assure Mr Karzai and his advisers that "we are not going to repeat the situation in 1989" and that "we intend to be their partner for a long time to come".
"As the security situation improves and we're able, over time, to reduce our forces, the civilian, developmental, economic and other kinds of relations between us will become the predominant part of the relationship," he added.
" As the security situation improves and we're able to reduce our forces, the civilian, developmental, economic and other kinds of relations between us will become the predominant part of the relationship "
US Defence Secretary Robert Gates
Mr Gates also said the US would be "watching the appointments that get made" in Afghanistan's new cabinet, and that it was important to have "capable and honest ministers" in the crucial roles.
The BBC's Martin Patience in Kabul says the US is running out of patience with Afghan promises to tackle corruption and now wants to see clear action taken against senior officials found to be corrupt.
On Tuesday, the mayor of Kabul, Abdul Ahad Sahebi, said he would appeal against a four-year prison sentence for corruption.
Mr Sahebi was found guilty in absentia on Monday of awarding a contract without opening it up to competition, and was ordered to repay $16,000 (£9,800) that was allegedly lost as a result.
But he told a news conference in Kabul that he was the victim of a plot by "powerful people".
It was the first conviction of a senior Afghan official since Mr Karzai came under international pressure to tackle corruption following his disputed re-election.

Friday, May 8, 2009

DR Congo volcano 'may soon erupt'

Scientists in the Democratic Republic of Congo have recorded significant increased volcanic activity around Goma in the east of the country.
Half of the city was destroyed in 2002 after the nearest of two volcanoes, Mount Nyiragongo, erupted.
Now Mount Nyamulagira, which lies 25km (16 miles) from Goma, may soon erupt.
Scientist Dieudonne Wafula told the BBC if it did erupt, there would not be an immediate threat to Goma, but some key rural roads could be cut off.
Rise in temperature
The BBC's Mark Doyle says the volcanoes loom over Goma, spewing smoke and steam even when they are not considered to be an immediate threat.
By day, the air in the city, the de facto capital of eastern DR Congo, is thick with volcanic dust, he says.
By night, residents can often see the red glow of burning lava trickling out of the summit of the nearest volcano, Mount Nyiragongo.
Mr Wafula, who heads Goma's Volcano Observatory, said significantly increased temperatures had been recorded around Mount Nyiragongo recently and a larger than usual cloud of volcanic dust was being thrown into the skies.
However, he said, it was Mount Nyamulagira that was likely to erupt.
The representative of the United Nations refugee agency in Goma, which closely monitors population movements, said he was not aware of any panic in the region.
A resident of Goma told the BBC said people were talking about the volcanoes and that they had noticed a rise in temperature in recent days, but that otherwise the situation inside Goma was normal.